Ferro Alloys Types
With the development of modern science and technology, the ferro alloys types are expanding. The use of ferro alloys has become more and more extensive and penetrated into various fields such as industry and chemical industry. There are many types of ferro alloys and various classification methods.
Single and composite ferroalloys
Alloys that contain only one alloying element are called single-iron alloys. Its main varieties include ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochromium, ferrotitanium, ferroboron, metal manganese, and so on. Alloys containing two or more alloying elements are called composite iron alloys or multicomponent iron alloys. Composite ferroalloys mainly include silicon-calcium alloy, manganese-silicon alloy, silicon-calcium-aluminum alloy, silicon-aluminum-barium alloy, etc.
Nitrided products and oxide agglomerates
Nitrided products produced by nitriding and other methods with ferromanganese or ferrochromium powder under high-temperature conditions are also alloy products. Its main varieties include ferromanganese nitride, ferrochromium nitride, and so on. Oxide agglomerates that are easily reduced by iron can also be directly added to molten steel as alloying agents, such as molybdenum oxide agglomerates.
Classification of other ferro alloys types
According to the carbon content in the ferroalloy, the ferroalloy can also be divided into high carbon, medium carbon, low carbon, micro carbon, ultra micro carbon, and other varieties. According to the production method of the alloy, it can also be classified, which can be divided into blast furnace ferroalloy, electric furnace ferroalloy, out-of-furnace ferroalloy, vacuum solid-state reduction alloy, converter ferroalloy, electrolytic ferroalloy, etc
Types of Ferro Alloys Smelting Technology
There are many ferroalloy products, and the smelting methods of each product are different. What are the smelting technologies of ferroalloys?
1. Flux melting technique
The flux method for smelting ferroalloys uses carbonaceous materials, silicon, or other metals as reducing agents, and slag-forming materials are added to adjust the composition and properties of the slag during production. Such as the use of alkaline slag operation, and the production of high carbon ferromanganese.
2. Non-flux melting technique
In the production of ferroalloys by the flux-free method, carbonaceous materials are generally used as reducing agents, and slag-forming materials are not required to adjust the composition and properties of the slag during production. If manganese ore is used, acid slag is used to produce high-carbon ferromanganese, and at the same time, low-phosphorus and manganese-rich slag can be obtained.
3. Slag-free smelting
Slag-free smelting of ferroalloys uses carbonaceous reductant, silica, or reconstituted alloys as raw materials, and is continuously smelted in a reducing electric furnace. Products such as ferrosilicon, industrial silicon, silicon-chromium alloys, etc.
4. Slag smelting
Smelting Ferroalloy by slag method is to produce Ferroalloy by selecting a reasonable slag type system and alkalinity in a reduction furnace or refining furnace. The slag iron ratio is generally 0.8 ~ 1.5, which is affected by different varieties and corresponding raw material conditions. Products such as high carbon ferromanganese, manganese silicon alloy, high carbon ferrochromium, etc.
5. Continuous smelting method
In the continuous smelting method, the material is continuously fed into the furnace according to the drop of the material surface at the furnace mouth, and the alloy and slag accumulated in the molten pool in the furnace are regularly discharged. Using submerged arc reduction smelting, the operating power is almost balanced and stable.
6. Batch smelting method
The batch smelting method is a smelting process in which the charge is concentrated or added to the furnace in batches. Batch smelting is divided into two periods: melting and refining. During the melting period, the electrode is buried in the charge; the electric arc is exposed during the refining period, while the electric arc furnace is exposed during the refining period. After refining, the alloy and slag are discharged, and then Load new material is to continue the next furnace smelting. In view of the different operating process characteristics in each period of smelting, the operating power is also different. Smelting medium and low carbon ferromanganese, medium, low and micro-carbon ferrochromium adopt the batch smelting method.
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