The Ferrovanadium Uses
Ferro vanadium is widely used in the steel industry as an alloying agent. Ferrovanadium is often used in the production of carbon steel, low alloy steel strength steel, high alloy steel, tool steel, and cast iron, which can improve the strength, toughness, heat resistance, and ductility of steel.
The Traditional Production Method of Ferro Vanadium
The main methods used in ferrovanadium are the aluminothermic method and the electric aluminothermic method. The smelting furnace type is divided into two types: tilting furnace and straight furnace. The smelting principle is mainly vanadium oxide (mainly V2O3 and V2O5) and reducing agent aluminum Through oxidation-reduction reaction at high temperature, vanadium is reduced from high price to elemental state, and elemental vanadium is alloyed with iron to produce vanadium-iron alloy products.
The aluminothermic smelting of ferrovanadium generally uses V2O5 as the production raw material and adopts a straight-barrel furnace smelting process. This process consumes a lot of reducing agent aluminum and the production of raw materials is relatively simple. It is widely used in small and medium-sized ferrovanadium production enterprises. There are two types of smelting furnaces for producing ferrovanadium by electric thermite method: tilting furnace and straight cylinder furnace. Among them, the most widely used is the process of smelting ferrovanadium by the electric aluminothermic method, which can be used flexibly in the production of ferrovanadium. V2O3 and V2O5 have great advantages in the demand for raw materials, and when V2O3 is used as a raw material, the consumption of reducing agent aluminum can be reduced.
Ferrovanadium smelting yield is one of the most important economic and technical indicators in the process of ferrovanadium smelting. It usually refers to the ratio of the total mass of vanadium in the alloy produced by smelting to the total mass of vanadium in the smelting raw materials. The loss of vanadium in the smelting process is mainly Including vanadium loss in smelting slag, vanadium loss entering the dust removal system, and the erosion layer of furnace refractory materials, and the proportion of vanadium loss in slag in the above vanadium loss is much higher than other parts.
The main technological process of smelting ferrovanadium in electric aluminothermic straight cylinder furnaces is furnace lining production, batching, smelting, injection refining, cooling, furnace dismantling, ferrovanadium crushing, and packaging. Ingredients and smelting processes are the key processes of the whole ferrovanadium production. The specific process is based on the quality of V2O3 and V2O5 and vanadium content, adding aluminum, iron, lime, and other substances according to a certain aluminum ratio and ferrovanadium grade, and putting all materials into the material tank. Then mixing evenly, a furnace of ferrovanadium usually has 4-6 cans of charge.
At the beginning of smelting, add a V2O5 into the smelting furnace, turn on the electricity to ignite, and after the furnace charge is completely melted, add V2O3 charge in batches (generally in 2-3 batches), and after all the charge is completely melted, use the injection system to spray aluminum into the furnace After refining, continue to energize for a period of time for intensive smelting. After smelting, the vanadium-iron alloy and slag in the furnace are cooled with the furnace, and then the furnace is dismantled, broken, and packaged.
The ferrovanadium smelting process is relatively mature and stable, but the yield of ferrovanadium smelting is low, generally between 95% and 96%. The recovery rate of vanadium can only be increased by increasing the aluminum matching coefficient. .04-1.05, although the smelting yield will increase, the aluminum content in ferrovanadium will increase significantly, and unqualified products will easily be produced.
New Production Process of Ferro Vanadium
Preparation of Charge
Prepare four batches of charge respectively. The first batch of charge is composed of two cans of charge. The first pot is made of V2O5, aluminum is added according to the aluminum ratio of 0.88-0.95, and a slagging agent is added. The second pot is made of V2O3 As a raw material, aluminum is added according to the aluminum ratio of 0.88-0.95, and a slagging agent is added, wherein the mass ratio of V2O5:V2O3 is (0.3-0.6):1.
The second batch of charge is made of V2O3, aluminum is added according to the aluminum ratio of 0.92-1.0, and a slagging agent is added.
The third batch of charge is made of V2O3, aluminum is added according to the aluminum ratio of 1.0-1.07, and a slagging agent is added.
The fourth batch of charge is refining charge, containing aluminum and slagging agent, wherein the quality of aluminum = the amount of aluminum with an aluminum distribution coefficient of the total charge of 1.02-1.06 minus the first batch, the second batch and the third batch The sum of the amount of aluminum in the batch charge.
The mass ratio of the vanadium-containing raw materials in the first batch, the second batch, and the third batch of charge are (0.5-1):1:1.
Among them, the aluminum allocation coefficient is the actual aluminum allocation divided by the theoretical aluminum demand, and the theoretical aluminum demand is calculated by multiplying the mass of oxygen in the vanadium-containing raw material V2O5 or V2O3 by 1.125.
Smelting Process
Put the first pot of charge into the smelting furnace, energize the electrodes to ignite, add the second pot of charge, and energize for full smelting.
Then put the second batch of charge into the smelting furnace, and energize it for full smelting.
Then, the third batch of charge is added to the smelting furnace, and the electricity is fully smelted.
Finally, the refined material is added to the smelting furnace, and the electricity is fully smelted. After the smelting process is completed, it is cooled to obtain the vanadium-iron alloy.